Some Populations More Than Others Are Likely to Be Affected

question 75

Multiple Choice

Some populations more than others are likely to be affected by a given pathogen. Many population characteristics influence the occurrence of disease. Which of the following MOST likely explains why some students at the picnic did not get ill?

• A) Herd immunity, that protects non-immune people from an infectious agent-the agent cannot spread in a population because most potential hosts are immune. Most students were probably immune to the foodborne pathogen.
• B) Age, because the immune system starts to weaken after childhood, and consequently people are vulnerable to certain diseases when they reach adulthood. The younger students in the group remained healthy.
• C) Behavioral practices, that significantly influence the rate and type of disease transmission; in this case the vegetarians and vegans remained healthy, suggesting that not eating meat protected them from the pathogen.
• D) Gender, because females are always more likely than males to acquire gastrointestinal diseases due to differences in their gut normal microbiota populations. The students who got ill were all female.
• E) None of these factors explain the outcome of the picnic.

---

Definitions:

Investment Proposals

Proposals put forward for investing capital in projects or securities, aiming to generate returns.

Percentage of Sales Approach

A financial forecasting method that estimates changes in balance sheet or income statement accounts as a fixed percentage of sales.

Pro Forma Statement

A financial statement based on hypothetical scenarios or assumptions, used to project future financial performance.

Maximum Capacity

The highest level of output that a company can sustain to produce in a given period under normal operating conditions.