You Are an RN Working in the Emergency Department (ED)

question 58

Multiple Choice

You are an RN working in the emergency department (ED) at a major hospital in New York City. During one shift, you see two patients who are exhibiting coughing with blood-containing sputum, and shortness of breath. Both patients report that they have experienced headaches, muscle aches, high fever, confusion, and shaking chills in the days preceding their ED visit. One of the patients also has some digestive tract symptoms including diarrhea, abdominal pain, and vomiting. You discover that the patients live in the same apartment building, although they do not know each other. You suspect that they have a type of pneumonia, and given the circumstances, think it may be legionellosis. You read up on this disease to refresh your memory about it.
-L. pneumophila is a facultative intracellular parasite. How does it manipulate the immune system so as to enter host cells?

• A) The bacterial cells bind complement component C3b (an opsonin), enhancing phagocytosis.
• B) The bacteria have macrophage invasion potentiator (Mip) that promotes their uptake by alveolar macrophages. 
• C) The bacteria cause necrosis of alveolar cells, leading to an inflammatory response.
• D) The bacteria survive in alveolar macrophages by preventing phagosome-lysosome fusion AND the bacteria cause necrosis of alveolar cells, leading to an inflammatory response.
• E) The bacterial cells bind complement component C3b (an opsonin), enhancing phagocytosis AND the bacteria have a surface protein (Mip) that promotes their uptake by alveolar macrophages. 

Comprehend the inductive nature of empirical reasoning and its scrutiny in the scientific community.

Describe the objectives and benefits of running a pilot study in scientific investigations.

Compare the strengths and weaknesses of comparative, ideological, and empirical reasoning methods.

Appreciate the significance of cause-and-effect relationships in human survival and understanding the natural world.

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Definitions:

Macroeconomics

The branch of economics that studies the behavior and performance of an economy as a whole, including topics such as growth, inflation, and unemployment.

GDP

Gross Domestic Product; a measure of the economic output of a country, representing the total value of all goods and services produced over a specified time period.

GDP

Gross Domestic Product is the aggregate market value of all ultimate goods and services made within a nation over a specified period.

Total Income

The aggregate income earned by all individuals or entities in an economy, including wages, profits, and rent.