An Illinois Corporation Had Been Clandestinely Dumping Toxic Waste into a River

question 63

Multiple Choice

An Illinois corporation had been clandestinely dumping toxic waste into a river in a rural area. The board of directors knew of the practice and approved it in order to increase profit margins. If the local residents are affected by the toxic waste and subsequently develop rare diseases or even die as a result of exposure, what may be the most appropriate criminal charge?

• A) first-degree murder because it was premeditated and deliberate
• B) misdemeanor manslaughter because it was a minor crime
• C) corporate murder because the board of directors authorized the actions
• D) involuntary manslaughter because it was accidental

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Definitions:

Perceptual Constancy

The brain's ability to recognize objects as remaining the same despite changes in distance, viewpoint, or lighting conditions.

Linear Perspective

A technique in visual art, particularly drawing and painting, to create the illusion of depth and distance on a flat surface, using converging parallel lines.

Opponent-Process Theory

A psychological and neurological model that explains how the perception of colors is controlled by the operation of opposing neural systems.

Afterimages

Visual illusions that continue to appear in one's vision after the exposure to the original image has ceased.