Examlex
All of the following were identified as elements to a § 1983 legal action that a plaintiff must establish by a preponderance of the evidence except ______.
Simple Linear Regression
A statistical method used to model the relationship between a dependent variable and a single independent variable, assuming a linear relationship.
Residual
The difference between the observed value and the value predicted by a model, indicating the error in prediction for that specific point.
Least-squares Line
A line of best fit determined by the least squares method, which minimizes the sum of squared vertical distances between the actual data points and the predicted points on the line.
Unbiased Estimator
A statistical estimator whose expected value exactly equals the parameter it estimates.
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