In Understanding the Problems with Attempts at Human Racial Classification

question 66

Multiple Choice

In understanding the problems with attempts at human racial classification, why is it important to know the difference between genotype and phenotype?

• A) Although phenotypic characteristics may change, the genetic material of populations stays the same for a long time.
• B) The phenotypic traits typically used to classify humans into races go together as genetic units.
• C) Phenotypic similarities and differences always have a genetic basis.
• D) Attempts at human racial classification have typically used phenotypic traits like skin color as markers of common ancestry, but many such traits do not reflect shared genetic material. Instead, they are often the result of different populations biologically adapting to similar environmental stressors in similar ways.
• E) Attempts at human racial classification have typically used genotypic traits like blood type as markers of common ancestry, and these traits are passed on from generation to generation in discrete bundles.

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Definitions:

Knowledge

In criminal law, the awareness that a particular result will probably occur.

Battery

The unlawful physical acting upon a threat, characterized by the use of force against another, resulting in harmful or offensive contact.

Aggravated Menacing

is a criminal offense that involves threatening harm to another individual with the intent to cause fear or harm, in a manner more severe than simple menacing.

Violence

The use of physical force with the intent to injure, damage, or kill.