Use the Passage Below to Answer All Parts of the Question

question 21

Essay

Use the passage below to answer all parts of the question that follows.
"Many early histories portrayed epidemics as the seemingly inevitable effect of transplanting new germs in "virgin soil." Mass death seemed to be the horrific, but unavoidable result of introducing new microbes among people who had no prior opportunity to develop "natural defenses." However, such common interpretations of how diseases travel are seriously flawed. First, simply moving a microbe to a new location is rarely sufficient to trigger a catastrophic disease. Although a few new germs did lead to some of the most devastating disease outbreaks in history, the vast majority of new germs fall on infertile soil. . . . If every novel microbe caused an epidemic, humanity would not have survived the invention of the ocean liner. Second, the same new germ often produced significantly different effects in different physical and cultural environments. Third, diseases travel to new locations by the importation of environmental, social, and cultural changes, along with, or sometimes without, the introduction of novel germs."
Martin S. Pernick Diseases in Motion
(A) Identify ONE of the author's arguments that would be supported by the spread of the Black Death in the fourteenth century.
(B) Identify and explain ONE of the author's arguments that is not supported by the spread of the Black Death in the fourteenth century.
(C) Explain ONE environmental factor that limited the spread of the Black Death in the fourteenth century.

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Definitions:

EEG Pattern

The identifiable waveforms and activity recorded during an electroencephalogram, reflecting brain electrical activity.

Psychoactive Drugs

Substances that affect the mind, emotions, and behaviors by altering the brain's chemical messages.

Behavioural Functioning

Refers to how behaviors serve as a mechanism to cope with environmental demands and internal states.

Chemical Substances

Compounds or elements that consist of a specific set of molecules or ions; can be natural or synthetic and have various uses and effects.