Use the Passage Below to Answer All Parts of the Question

question 75

Essay

Use the passage below to answer all parts of the question that follows.
"Imperialism resembles Darwinism, in that many use the term but few can say what it really means. This imprecision is encouraged by a surfeit of synonyms. Two stand out: imperialism is taken to be interchangeable with colonialism and reducible to the word "empire." Add to these the compounding effects of elaborations such as hegemony, dependency, or globalization and the definitional space of imperialism becomes a vague, consensual gestalt. In its stricter Marxist-Leninist applications, the word "imperialism" dates from the end of the nineteenth century and minimally connotes the use of state power to secure (or, at least, to attempt to secure) economic monopolies for national companies."
Patrick Wolfe, "History and Imperialism: A Century of Theory, from Marx to Postcolonialism," American Historical Review, 1997
(A) Identify ONE state that attempted to secure economic monopolies for national companies in the nineteenth century.
(B) Identify and describe how ONE state expanded its empires in Africa in the late nineteenth century.
(C) Explain how imperialism in ONE region was justified by Social Darwinism in the nineteenth century.

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Definitions:

Fibrin

A protein formed during blood clotting that is essential for wound healing, creating a fibrous mesh that impedes blood flow.

Coagulation

The process by which blood changes from a liquid to a gel, forming a blood clot, which is an essential mechanism to prevent excessive bleeding when the vascular system is injured.

Fibrinolysis

The biological process by which fibrin clots, the products of coagulation, are broken down, thereby preventing blood clots from growing and becoming problematic.

Intrinsic Pathway

A series of steps in blood coagulation that is initiated by internal trauma, leading to the activation of Factor X independent of tissue factor.