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Questions Refer to the Documents Below

question 48

Multiple Choice

Questions refer to the documents below.
Document A. Italian Migration to the Americas
Although Argentina and the United States were the two primary countries of Italian immigration in the Americas between 1880 and 1914, the flows of Italian migrants to their shores differed over time. It was Brazil and Argentina that initially were the primary targets of Italian migrants, with the United States running a poor third. In the 1870s, and through most of the 1880s, Argentina was the primary zone of reception. By the late 1880s, with the abolition of slavery and the massive shift to subsidized Italian workers in the expanding coffee fields of Sao Paulo, Brazil temporarily emerged as the primary immigration zone despite the steady increase in Italian migration to both the United States and Argentina.
Herbert S. Klein, "The Integration of Italian Immigrants into the United States and Argentina,"
American Historical Review, 1983
Document B. Estimate of Annual Italian Migration to the Americas, 1876-1914
Source: Istituto Centrale di Statistica, Bolettino mensile de Statistica (Gennaio, 1975) , Anno 5, n. 1, Appendix 2: "Espatriati e Rimpatriati, anni 1876-1973" (pp. 254-55)
-The Italian migration can be understood in the context of which of the following?

Definitions:

Cross-Functional

Pertaining to a process, project, or team that involves and utilizes the expertise of members from different departments or areas of discipline.

Hybrid Supply Structures

Supply chain models that incorporate a mix of in-house and outsourced activities to optimize efficiency and flexibility.

Decentralized

Refers to the distribution of functions, powers, people, or organizations away from a central location or authority.

Centralized

A system or structure where decision-making or operational activities are concentrated at a single point or location, typically in the context of organizational management.