What Did the Researchers, Who Identified the Hawthorne Effect, See

question 8

Multiple Choice

What did the researchers, who identified the Hawthorne effect, see as evidence that employee performance was influenced by something other than the physical work conditions?

• A) Any change in a variable, such as lighting levels, led to an improvement in productivity; this was true even when the change was negative, such as a return to poor lighting.
• B) Employees who believed they were under observation performed the same as employees who did not believe they were under observation.
• C) Employees who knew they were being observed called in sick more often than employees who did not know they were being observed.
• D) Managers who told their subordinates they were under observation received more complaints than other managers.

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Definitions:

Information-Processing Model

A framework used to understand how humans think, reason, and learn, likening the mind to a computer.

Encoding

The act of turning information into a version that is capable of being preserved in memory.

Studying

The act of devoting time and attention to gain knowledge on a subject, typically using books, research, and note-taking.

Ebbinghaus' Retention Curve

A graph illustrating the decline of memory retention in time, showing that the rate at which information is lost over time is initially rapid and then levels off.