A Recent Study by Programme for International Student Achievement (PISA

question 18

Multiple Choice

A recent study by Programme for International Student Achievement (PISA, 2007) focused on achievement in science literacy among Canadian 15-year olds.Which of the following is not a finding from this study?

• A)Canadian students scored above the International average.
• B)Students in French-language systems performed better than English-language systems across the country.
• C)Science achievement was related to parents' level of post-secondary education.
• D)Socio-Economic Status (SES) was related to science achievement.

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Definitions:

Endorphin

Naturally occurring peptides in the brain that act as neurotransmitters to reduce pain and elicit feelings of pleasure or euphoria.

Substance P

Substance P is a neuropeptide involved in the transmission of pain and other sensory signals to the central nervous system.

Capsaicin

A chemical compound found in chili peppers responsible for their hot and spicy flavor, which is also used in topical medications for its pain relief properties.

Substance P

A neuropeptide involved in the transmission of pain and other sensory signals in the central and peripheral nervous system.