The Publication of the Cardinal Principles of Secondary Education (1918)

question 9

Multiple Choice

The publication of the Cardinal Principles of Secondary Education (1918) was an important benchmark in the history of the aims of American public education in that

• A) it reinforced the concept of education as a process of strengthening the mental faculties.
• B) it shifted the focus in secondary schools from rigorous education in traditional liberal arts to a broader focus on the skills required for successful living in our society.
• C) it established the high school as the place where most people would receive their education in math and science.
• D) it ensured that only competent teachers would be involved in the selection and implementation of the national curriculum.

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Definitions:

Exhaustion Phase

The exhaustion phase is the final stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome, where the body's resources are depleted following prolonged exposure to stress, leading to decreased stress tolerance and possible health issues.

Emotion-focused Coping

Strategies aimed at managing and dealing with the emotions associated with stressful situations rather than confronting the problems directly.

Problem-focused Coping

A coping strategy aimed at addressing the cause of stress in a practical way by either removing the stressor or reducing its impact.

Aerobic Exercise

Physical activity that increases the heart rate and the body’s use of oxygen, thereby improving overall fitness.