Monkeys in the New World (The Americas) Have Prehensile Tails

question 34

Multiple Choice

Monkeys in the New World (the Americas) have prehensile tails, strong flexible tails that grip branches and operate much like another hand. Old World (Africa and Asia) monkeys do not have such a tail. The explanation for this is

• A) monkeys in the Old World did not need a prehensile tail and therefore did not evolve one.
• B) monkeys in the New World needed a prehensile tail and therefore evolved one.
• C) the prehensile tail evolved in New World monkeys after the Americas separated from Africa and Asia.
• D) the Americas are much older than Africa and Asia. There has not been enough time to evolve a prehensile tail in Africa and Asia.
• E) a catastrophe occurred in the Old World that killed all prehensile tail monkeys leaving only non-prehensile tailed monkeys to survive.

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Definitions:

Depressive Schema

Cognitive patterns and beliefs that predispose individuals to perceive the world and themselves in a negative light, often associated with depression.

Learned Helplessness

The cognitive, motivational, and emotional deficits that follow a perceived lack of control over important aversive events.

Negative Schema

Persistent and pervasive patterns of thought that shape the way an individual interprets and understands the world, often leading to pessimistic views or expectations.

Depressing Memories

Recollections from the past that evoke feelings of sadness, despair, or hopelessness.