John Watson and Rosalie Rayner (1920) Conditioned an 11-Month-Old Baby

question 392

Multiple Choice

John Watson and Rosalie Rayner (1920) conditioned an 11-month-old baby named Albert to fear a white rat by pairing it with a loud noise. Albert already feared the loud noise. After the conditioning had taken place, the researchers also found that Albert was afraid of furry white and grey objects, such as a rabbit and a Santa Claus mask. The fact that Albert was afraid of these additional items demonstrated that

• A)stimulus generalization had occurred
• B)discrimination had occurred
• C)extinction had occurred
• D)higher-order conditioning had occurred

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Definitions:

Reporting Results

The process of presenting data and findings from research or an investigation to interested audiences.

Operational Definition

A clear, precise description of a variable or condition in terms of the specific process or set of validation tests used to determine its presence and quantity.

Tiredness

The state of feeling a need to rest or sleep due to lack of energy or exhaustion.

Dependent Variable

The variable in a study that represents the result of the events and processes.