Imagine That a Study Has Just Been Published Which Shows

question 61

Multiple Choice

Imagine that a study has just been published which shows a relationship between a certain nutritional supplement and a lower incidence of cold and flu. This study was based on survey data and asked people to report whether or not they used this supplement in the last four months, as well as estimate the amount of times they were ill in that same period, and the average duration associated with those illnesses. Their results show that people who take the supplement report being ill less often and/or for less time. The company selling the supplement wants to claim that this is scientific proof their product works. What would the company need to do in order to support that claim?

• A)collect a larger sample
• B)collect a more diverse sample
• C)conduct an experiment
• D)use a double-blind procedure
• E)replicate the results

---

Definitions:

Laws of Learning

comprise the theoretical principles that govern how learning occurs, including the roles of reinforcement, practice, and the effects of the environment.

Pavlov and Watson

Refers to Ivan Pavlov, known for classical conditioning research, and John B. Watson, the founder of behaviorism, both pivotal figures in the development of psychological science.

Animals

Multicellular, eukaryotic organisms of the kingdom Animalia that are characterized by their ability to move, reproduce sexually, and consume organic matter.

Taste Aversion

The learned avoidance of a particular food or drink because it has been associated with an unpleasant or nauseating experience.