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What level of analysis does the cognitive perspective usually take?
Career Civil Servants System
A system employing individuals who work for the government and are selected based on merit rather than appointed or elected, providing continuity within the bureaucracy.
Pendleton Act
An 1883 U.S. federal law that established that positions within the federal government should be awarded based on merit instead of political affiliation.
Spoils System
The spoils system is a political practice where a political party, after winning an election, gives government jobs to its supporters, friends, and relatives as a reward for working toward victory, rather than for their expertise.
Civil Service Protections
Safeguards for government employees that ensure stability, fairness in hiring and firing, and protection from political pressures.
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