To Explain Cognitive Processes in Psychology to a Friend, Samira

question 117

Multiple Choice

To explain cognitive processes in psychology to a friend, Samira uses a computer metaphor, saying the brain takes information in, processes it, stores it, and retrieves it. This same metaphor was used by scientists in the 1950s, 60s, and 70s, a time that is sometimes referred to as

• A)the Victorian era.
• B)the positive psychology movement.
• C)social constructivism.
• D)the cognitive revolution.
• E)the rise of behaviourism.

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Definitions:

Egocentrism

In Piaget’s terms, the tendency to “center on oneself”—that is, to consider the world entirely in terms of one’s own point of view.

Centered On Oneself

Focused primarily on one's own needs, desires, or emotions, often to the exclusion of others.

Egocentrism

A cognitive bias in young children, and sometimes adults, where one has difficulty understanding or acknowledging perspectives other than one's own.

Decentered Thought

A cognitive ability to consider multiple aspects of a situation simultaneously, characteristic of more advanced stages of development.