Scenario In the Late 1800s, Charles Darwin and His Son Francis

question 39

Multiple Choice

Scenario
In the late 1800s, Charles Darwin and his son Francis conducted the first experiments on phototropism. Several years later, their work was furthered by Peter Boysen-Jensen, Arpad Paal, and Frits Went. Peter Boysen-Jensen separated the tip of grass shoots from the rest of the plant using either tiny blocks of agar (a gelatin) or a mica wafer (an impervious rock) . Like the Darwins, Boysen-Jensen noticed that the grass did not grow toward a light without its tips. However, when he separated the tip from the rest of the plant using agar, the grass would grow toward a light. The grass would not grow toward a light if the tip of the shoot was separated using a mica wafer. Arpad Paal cut off the tips of grass shoots that were growing in the dark. He placed these cut tips back on the shoots, but with only part of the tip covering the cut surface, and found that the plants grew, in the dark, in the opposite direction from the side with the tip covering it. Lastly, Frits Went removed the tips of many grass shoots and placed them on a large block of agar for a few hours. Then, he cut up the agar block, and was able to make grass shoots without any tips at all grow toward a light by putting these agar blocks on the cut surfaces of the shoots (i.e., no tips were placed back on the shoots, only the agar) .
-Boysen-Jensen also used the mica to separate a tip of a grass shoot only partially, by cutting the tip halfway and inserting a wafer of mica into the cut. If this experiment supported the Darwins' hypothesis, what would Boysen-Jensen have observed?

• A)The grass shoot would not grow toward a light.
• B)The grass shoot would grow toward a light when the mica wafer was on the side of the grass that was facing the light.
• C)The grass shoot would grow toward a light when the mica wafer was on the side of the grass that was shaded from the light.
• D)The grass shoot would grow toward a light no matter which direction the light was coming from.

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Definitions:

Measuring Performances

The process of assessing the execution and outcomes of activities by an individual, team, or organization against predetermined standards or objectives, rephrased from "Performance Measures."

Fiscal Results

The financial outcomes of a company's operations over a specific period, indicating profitability and financial health.

Inventory Shrinkage

The loss of products between purchase from a supplier and sale to the customer, often due to theft, damage, or administrative errors.

Managerial Policies

Guidelines, rules, and procedures established by an organization's management to dictate and guide decision-making and operational practices.