In Instrumental Conditioning, What Is the Distinction Between Negative Reinforcement

question 62

Multiple Choice

In instrumental conditioning, what is the distinction between negative reinforcement and punishment?

• A) There is no difference. They are two words for the same concept.
• B) Negative reinforcement can occur when a stimulus is positive, and punishment only occurs when a stimulus is painful.
• C) Negative reinforcement occurs when a negative outcome is avoided, while punishment occurs when an action causes a negative outcome.
• D) Negative reinforcement creates a preference for negative results, while punishment teaches people to avoid negative results.

Identify appropriate statistical tests for analyzing experimental data.

Understand the role of blocking in experimental design to control variability.

Compute and interpret sum of squares (SS) values in ANOVA.

Distinguish between treatments and blocks in experimental setups.

---

Definitions:

Provisions

Liabilities of uncertain timing or amount, set aside in the accounting process to cover potential future losses or expenses.

Probate

The legal process through which a deceased person's will is validated and their estate is distributed.

Executor's Fees

Compensation paid to the executor of an estate for their services in managing and distributing the estate's assets.

Court Costs

Expenses associated with legal proceedings, including filing fees, charges for serving documents, and other legal expenses.