Match Each Term with Its Definition

question 176

Multiple Choice

Match each term with its definition.
-horizontal cells

• A)single units of a compound eye
• B)allow animals to detect and use Earth's magnetic field for navigation
• C)structure that creates pressure waves in the cochlea as it vibrates
• D)reduction in the frequency of action potentials generated by afferent neurons even though the stimulus has not changed
• E)commonly known as the eardrum
• F)specialized receptors that detect electrical fields
• G)viscous liquid filling the human eye cavity between the retina and lens
• H)responsible for terrestrial vertebrates' ability to perceive motion and position of the head
• I)process of converting a stimulus into a change in the membrane potential
• J)cells in the human eye that connect bipolar cells and ganglion cells
• K)dendrites of afferent neurons, or specialized cells that synapse with afferent neurons, that can gather information about the environment
• L)calcium carbonate crystals that bend stereocilia as a result of movement of the head
• M)a duct that eliminates pressure differentials that can occur between the outer and middle ear
• N)process by which the contrast between dark and light is increased in visual processing in the mammalian eye
• O)family of photopigments consisting of opsins combined with retinal
• P)photopigment found in vertebrate and invertebrate eyes alike
• Q)clear liquid between the cornea and the lens of a human eye
• R)cells in the human eye that connect different photoreceptor cells to each other
• S)where a portion of each optic nerve crosses to the opposite side of the brain
• T)detect stimuli used for balance and the perception of body position
• U)small region in the retina where cones are concentrated
• V)specialized muscle cells surrounded by afferent neuron dendrites; detect the degree of stretching that a muscle is undergoing
• W)the site in the thalamus where most optic axons make synapses with interneurons leading to the visual cortex
• X)hollow sensory bristles in insects

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Definitions:

Synaptic knob

The expanded region at the end of an axon terminal, where neurotransmitters are released to communicate with other neurons or muscle cells.

Interneuron

A type of neuron that communicates only with other neurons, typically found within the central nervous system and plays a role in reflexes and neuronal circuits.

Arachnoid mater

A delicate membrane that is one of the three layers (meninges) surrounding the brain and spinal cord, providing protection.

Meninges

Membranes that protect the brain and spinal cord.