In 1938, Niko Tinbergen Arranged Pinecones Around the Nest of a Female

question 112

Multiple Choice

In 1938, Niko Tinbergen arranged pinecones around the nest of a female digger wasp. What happened when he removed these pinecones when the wasp was gone?

• A) The wasp did not find the nest until the pinecones were replaced.
• B) The wasp found the nest immediately.
• C) The wasp took longer to find the nest.
• D) The wasp dug a new nest in the centre of the repositioned circle of pinecones.

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Definitions:

Present and Future Consumption

The concept of analyzing and balancing what is consumed today against what will be available or necessary for consumption in the future.

Efficient Taxation

A taxation system designed to minimize the economic costs or distortions that it imposes on society, while achieving desired revenue and distributional effects.

Excess Burden

The cost to society created by market inefficiency, typically due to taxes or government policies that distort resource allocation.

Progressive

Relating to progressive policies or movements that advocate for change, reform, and innovation, often in the social, political, or economic sphere.