Match Each of the Following Terms with Its Definition or Description

question 40

Multiple Choice

Match each of the following terms with its definition or description.
-includes an ancestor and all its descendants

• A)monophyletic taxon
• B)polyphyletic taxon
• C)paraphyletic taxon
• D)homology
• E)convergent evolution
• F)homoplasy
• G)phylogeny
• H)apomorphy
• I)synapomorphy
• J)outgroup

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Definitions:

Average Value

Represents the arithmetic mean of a set of values, obtained by dividing the sum of all values by the number of values.

Holding Constant

Maintaining certain variables unchanged while allowing others to vary, used in experiments and analyses to isolate effects.

Degrees of Freedom

The number of independent values or quantities that can vary in an analysis without breaking any constraints.

Coefficient of Determination

A statistical measure represented by R^2 that explains the proportion of the variance in the dependent variable that is predictable from the independent variable(s).