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In an assignment model where there are fewer jobs than resources
Producer Surplus
The gap between the price sellers are willing to accept for their goods or services and what they end up receiving.
Consumer Surplus
The discrepancy between the amount consumers are prepared to pay for a product or service and the amount they end up paying.
Demand Curve
A graphical representation of the relationship between the price of a good and the quantity demanded, typically downward sloping, indicating an inverse relationship.
Marginal Cost
The cost of producing one more unit of a good or service, considering variable costs but not fixed costs.
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