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The Two Principal Characteristics of a Medical Image Are _______________________

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The two principal characteristics of a medical image are _______________________.

Analyze the effect of external factors, including abiotic filters and disturbances, on community composition and succession.
Understand the concept and significance of keystone species, ecosystem engineers, and primary consumers in ecosystems.
Comprehend the impact of invasive species and community change on ecosystem function and stability.
Recognize different ecological strategies for colonization and survival following disturbances.

Definitions:

Behavior Potential

The likelihood of a specific behavior occurring, influenced by environmental factors and individual predispositions.

Reinforcement Value

The subjective attractiveness or desirability of a reward, which influences the likelihood of repeating the behavior that led to that reward.

Observational Learning

The process of learning by watching the actions and outcomes of others' behavior, then imitating or avoiding similar actions.

Classical Conditioning

A learning process in which a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a meaningful stimulus and acquires the capacity to elicit a similar response.

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