Advanced Emphysema, Involving the Destruction of Alveolar Walls, Results in Difficulty

question 56

Multiple Choice

Advanced emphysema, involving the destruction of alveolar walls, results in difficulty exhaling. Why would this difficulty develop?

• A) Loss of alveolar walls means loss of the elastic tissue that they contain; elastic recoil is decreased.
• B) The expiratory muscles atrophy as the disease progresses.
• C) The inflation reflex that assists in expiration becomes nonfunctional as the receptors are destroyed along with the alveolar wall tissue.
• D) The accumulation of surfactant that occurs reduces the elastic recoil of the lung tissue.

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