Polar Equations of Conics Can Be Used to Describe the Motion

question 105

Multiple Choice

Polar equations of conics can be used to describe the motion of comets. These paths can be graphed using the following polar equation, where e is the eccentricity of the conic and r _per is the perihelion distance measured in AU. The orbit of Saturn has r _per = 9.006 and e = 0.056. The motion of Encke's Comet has r _per = 0.3317 and e = 2.718282. Graph both the motion of the comet and the orbit of Saturn.

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Definitions:

Null Hypothesis

A default hypothesis that there is no effect or no difference, and any observed deviation in data is due to chance.

Degrees Of Freedom

The number of independent values or quantities which can be assigned to a statistical distribution minus the number of parameters estimated.

Significance Level

The probability of rejecting the null hypothesis in a statistical test when it is true, commonly set at 0.05 or 5%.

Chi-Square Value

A statistic that measures the difference between observed and expected frequencies to test for independence in categorical variables.