Sixty-Five-Year-Old Maggie Has Joined an Exercise Program and Is Trying

question 83

Multiple Choice

Sixty-five-year-old Maggie has joined an exercise program and is trying to keep a positive outlook since her diagnosis of arthritis. These activities are examples of

• A) risk factors.
• B) personal factors.
• C) extraindividual factors.
• D) intraindividual factors.

---

Definitions:

Vicarious Punishment

Learning process in which an individual observes another being punished and thus learns to inhibit the behavior that led to the punishment.

Fixed Ratio Reinforcement

A reinforcement schedule in behavioral psychology where a response is reinforced only after a specified number of responses.

Latent Learning

A form of learning that occurs without any obvious reinforcement of the behavior or associations that are learned.

Cognitive Map

An internal representation of the spatial relationships between objects in an individual's environment, facilitating navigation and understanding of the world.