A Study of 70-Year-Olds Finds That They Are More Likely

question 77

Multiple Choice

A study of 70-year-olds finds that they are more likely to participate in religious services than younger individuals.What can be concluded?

• A)Increased age caused participants to be more religious.
• B)Sex of participant is a confounding variable.
• C)Since age and cohort are confounding variables, it is not possible to determine whether increased participation in religion is due to age or historical time in which one lived.
• D)Time of measurement is a confounding variable.

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Definitions:

Fechner's Law

A principle in psychophysics stating that the perceived intensity of a stimulus changes proportionally to the logarithm of the actual stimulus intensity.

Thorndike's Law

A principle stating that behaviors followed by positive outcomes are more likely to be repeated, whereas behaviors followed by negative outcomes are less likely to be repeated.

Ames Room

An optical illusion room designed to manipulate perceived size and perspective, where objects appear larger or smaller than they really are.

Proximal Stimulus

The physical energy from an object that directly interacts with sensory receptors, leading to perception.