To Infer Causality, All of the Following Must Be Present

question 35

Multiple Choice

To infer causality, all of the following must be present EXCEPT:

• A)there must be a statistical association between two variables.
• B)one variable must occur prior in time to the other variable.
• C)there must be a positive relationship between the two variables.
• D)all of the other answers state factors that must be present.

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Definitions:

Developmental Costs

The expenses incurred during the creation and implementation of a project, including research, design, and testing.

Technical Skills Certificate Program

A structured educational offering designed to provide specific technical skills and competencies.

Program Design

The process of creating a structured plan for a training or educational initiative, outlining objectives, content, materials, and assessment methods.

Apprenticeship

A system of training a new generation of practitioners of a trade or profession through on-the-job training and often some accompanying study.