Use the Following Information to Answer the Question

question 4

Multiple Choice

Use the following information to answer the question.
Paulinella chromatophora is one of the few cercozoans that is autotrophic, carrying out aerobic photosynthesis with its two specialized structures called "chromatophores." The chromatophores are contained within vesicles of the host cell, and each is derived from a cyanobacterium, though not the same type of cyanobacterium that gave rise to the chloroplasts of algae and plants.
The closest living relative to P. chromatophora is the heterotroph P. ovalis. P. ovalis uses threadlike pseudopods to capture its prey, which it digests internally. Which of the following characteristics, if observed, would be the best reason for reclassifying P. chromatophora as a mixotroph instead of an autotroph?

• A) a pigmented central vacuole, surrounded by a nucleomorph
• B) a vacuole with food inside
• C) a secretory vesicle
• D) a contractile vacuole

Recognize the physiological responses involved in light and sound adaptation.

Understand the basics of how humans perceive colors and the different types of color blindness.

Recognize the physical stimuli and processes involved in hearing.

Identify the anatomy of the ear and its role in hearing.

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Definitions:

Resting Potential

The electrical charge of a neuron when it is not active, creating a stable environment that prepares the neuron for activation.

Reticular Formation

A network of neurons in the brainstem involved in consciousness, sleep-wake cycles, and filtering incoming stimuli to discriminate irrelevant background information.

Sodium

Sodium is a chemical element with the symbol Na and atomic number 11, essential for human health in small amounts but often discussed in the context of dietary intake and health effects.

Membrane

A selective barrier that permits the passage of certain substances while blocking others.