The Genome of Modern Chloroplasts Is Roughly 50% the Size

question 37

Multiple Choice

The genome of modern chloroplasts is roughly 50% the size of the genome of the cyanobacterium from which it is thought to have been derived. In comparison, the genome of the chromatophore of P. chromatophora is only slightly reduced relative to the size of the genome of the cyanobacterium from which it is thought to have been derived. What is a valid hypothesis that can be drawn from this comparison?

• A) Lytic phage infections have targeted the chloroplast genome more often than the P. chromatophora genome.
• B) The chromatophore of P. chromatophora is the result of an evolutionarily recent endosymbiosis.
• C) The genome of the chloroplast ancestor contained many more introns that could be lost without harm compared to the chromatophore's genome.
• D) The genome of the cyanobacteria was smaller than the genome of P. chromatophora.

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Definitions:

Mischievously

In a manner that is playfully naughty or troublesome, often causing minor harm or irritation.

Altruistic Punishment

The finding that people will sometimes sacrifice their own gain for the betterment of all, by punishing people who cheat the system

Tradeoff

The balance achieved between two desirable but incompatible features; a compromise.

Prosocial Behavior

Actions intended to benefit others, including helping, sharing, donating, co-operating, and volunteering.