The Components of the Second Line of Defense Against Microbes

question 72

Multiple Choice

The components of the second line of defense against microbes may be characterized as

• A) responders to invasion.
• B) passive barriers.
• C) mechanisms to strengthen the first line of defense.
• D) detecting the unique features of specific pathogens.
• E) both passive barriers and detecting specific pathogen features.

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Definitions:

Z Statistic

A type of standard score that indicates how many standard deviations an element is from the mean of its population.

Normal Distribution

A bell-shaped frequency distribution curve that is symmetric about the mean, showing that data near the mean are more frequent in occurrence.

One-tailed Test

A statistical hypothesis test in which the alternative hypothesis specifies a direction of the effect.

One-tailed Hypothesis Test

A statistical test in which the region of rejection is on only one side of the sampling distribution, used when a specific direction for the data is predicted.