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In respondent conditioning, the experimenter waits until the animal makes the desired response and then rewards it.
Late-Onset Alcohol Abusers
Individuals who begin exhibiting problematic drinking behaviors later in life, often as a response to life stressors or changes.
Problem Drinkers
Individuals who consume alcohol in ways that create physical, social, or emotional problems but may not meet the criteria for alcohol dependence.
Substance Abuse
The excessive use of substances, especially alcohol or drugs, leading to clinical and functional impairments, such as health problems and disability.
Blacks Out
Losing consciousness or memory for a period of time, often due to excessive alcohol consumption or medical conditions.
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