What Are Two Ways of Splitting Participants into Groups on the Basis

question 4

Essay

What are two ways of splitting participants into groups on the basis of a participant variable? Why are these methods discouraged?

---

Definitions:

Pollution Fee

A financial charge applied to entities that emit pollutants, intended to discourage environmental pollution by making it economically costly.

Marginal External Cost

The cost imposed on a third party by the production of an additional unit of a good or service.

Production Efficiency

A level of output where a company cannot produce more of one good without reducing the output of another good, utilizing resources optimally.

Pollution Damage

The harmful impact of pollutants on the environment, human health, and the economy.