Determine Which Elementary Row Operation(s) Applied to the First Matrix

question 21

Essay

Determine which elementary row operation(s) applied to the first matrix will yield the second matrix.
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Definitions:

Cumulative Voting

A method of voting in corporate elections that allows shareholders to concentrate all their votes on one candidate as opposed to distributing them among multiple candidates.

Corporate Veil

A legal concept separating the actions and liabilities of a corporation from those of its shareholders or directors.

Personal Liability

The legal responsibility of an individual to settle a debt or pay for damages out of their own assets.

Fraud

The intentional deception made for personal gain or to damage another individual.