Justin and Jerome Are Both in Grade 9 and Are

question 210

Multiple Choice

Justin and Jerome are both in grade 9 and are tied for being at the top of their class. At the end of the year, the teachers decide they need to declare one boy "the best," so they decide to use the boys' IQ scores as the tie-breaker. While their school grades are identical, Justin's IQ score is 15 points higher than Jerome's. What is the most logical explanation?

• A)Justin probably cheated on the test
• B)Jerome was sick on the day of the test
• C)Jerome is Black and Justin is White
• D)Justin is Black and Jerome is White

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Definitions:

Progressive Tax

At the individual level, a tax whose average tax rate increases as the taxpayer’s income increases. At the national level, a tax for which the average tax rate (= tax revenue/GDP) rises with GDP.

Average Tax Rate

Total tax paid divided by total taxable income or some other base (such as total income) against which to compare the amount of tax paid. Expressed as a percentage.

Highly Progressive

A tax system in which tax rates increase significantly as income or wealth rises.

Federal Spending

Expenditures by the federal government, which can include spending on defense, social security, health care, and infrastructure, among others.