The Probability That a System Is in a Particular State

question 20

Multiple Choice

The probability that a system is in a particular state after a large number of periods is

• A)independent of the beginning state of the system.
• B)dependent on the beginning state of the system.
• C)equal to one half.
• D)the same for every ending system.

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Definitions:

Sperm

Male reproductive cells designed for fertilization of the female ovum, contributing half of the genetic information to the offspring.

Egg

A reproductive cell produced by female organisms, capable of developing into a new individual upon fertilization.

Endoderm

Innermost primary tissue layer of an animal embryo that gives rise to the linings of the digestive tract and associated structures.

Germ Layer

Primary tissue layer of a vertebrate embryo—namely, ectoderm, mesoderm, or endoderm.