Jack and Jill Are Twins

question 8

Multiple Choice

Jack and Jill are twins. Because he is a boy, Jack's parents encourage him to run. However, they discourage Jill from engaging in athletic activity. As a result, Jack is much faster at running up a hill than Jill. The difference in Jack and Jill's behaviour is best explained by

• A)nonshared environmental influences.
• B)active gene-environment relations.
• C)polygenetic effects.
• D)niche-picking.

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Definitions:

Adaptive Value

The extent to which a trait or behavior increases the likelihood of survival and reproduction of an organism within a specific environment.

Evolutionary History

The branch of biology that deals with the study of the evolutionary processes that have shaped diversity and complexity of life on Earth over time.

Ancestral Species

A species from which other species have evolved, representing a common ancestor in the evolutionary tree.

Song Learning

The process by which birds acquire their song repertoire, often by listening to and imitating older birds.