According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics' (BJS) National Crime

question 40

Multiple Choice

According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics' (BJS) National Crime Victimization Surveys (NCVS) , how does the change from 1992 to 2016 in the crime victimization rate for middle/junior high and high school students compare to the change over the same years in the victimization rate for all Americans?

• A) It has risen to much higher than the national rate.
• B) It has fallen to much lower than the national rate.
• C) It has fallen to about the same as the national rate.
• D) It has risen to around the same as the national rate.

Understand the principles and applications of reinforcement theory, including its elements (positive reinforcement, punishment, negative reinforcement, extinction).

Identify and describe the schedules of intermittent reinforcement (fixed interval, variable interval, fixed ratio, variable ratio) and their effects on behavior.

Explain the concept of operant conditioning and how behavior is influenced by its consequences.

Describe the social cognitive theory and its elements, including observational learning, self-efficacy, and the impact of vicarious experiences on behavior.

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Definitions:

Annual Rate of Interest

The yearly interest rate charged on borrowed money or paid on investments, expressed as a percentage of the principal.

Retirement

The period in one's life when they choose to permanently leave the workforce behind and cease employment.

Average

A statistical measure representing the central or typical value in a set of data, often calculated as the sum of the values divided by the number of values.

Increase in Value

The appreciation or growth in the worth of an asset or investment over time.