How Might We Tell Whether the Universe Is Open or Closed

question 40

Short Answer

How might we tell whether the universe is open or closed?

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Definitions:

Carboxyl Group

A weakly acidic functional group; abbreviated —COOH.

Ionized

Refers to an atom or molecule that has gained or lost electrons, thus acquiring a charge and becoming an ion.

Nonionized

Referring to molecules that do not carry an electric charge due to loss or gain of electrons, affecting their solubility and reactivity.

Functional Group

A specific group of atoms within a molecule that is responsible for a characteristic chemical reaction of that molecule.