As Messages Go Up or Down Through Layers of Hierarchy

question 80

True/False

As messages go up or down through layers of hierarchy, they are often distorted by changes or additions at each "substation."

---

Definitions:

Stool Consistency

Describes the texture and firmness of stool, which can vary greatly and provide information about the health of the digestive system.

Diarrhea

A common condition characterized by frequent, loose, or watery stools, significantly more so than the normal bowel movement pattern.

Hypertonic Solution Enema

A type of enema using a solution that has a higher concentration of solutes than the body fluids, often used to draw water out of the colon.

Osmotic Pressure

Pressure exerted by the number of nondiffusable particles in a solution; the amount of pressure needed to stop the flow of water across a membrane.