The Difference Between the Pennsylvania Penitentiary System and the New

question 29

Multiple Choice

The difference between the Pennsylvania penitentiary system and the New York penitentiary system is the:

• A) Pennsylvania penitentiary system had a congregate system and New York had a separate system.
• B) Pennsylvania penitentiary system had a separate system and New York had a congregate system.
• C) Pennsylvania penitentiary system had a combined system and New York had a single system.
• D) Pennsylvania penitentiary system had a single system and New York had a combined system.

Understand the concept of ranking observations and handling ties in nonparametric tests.

Apply the Wilcoxon rank sum test to compare two independent samples.

Calculate the Wilcoxon rank sum test statistic and its standardized value (z).

Understand the impact of tied observations on the distribution of the Wilcoxon rank sum.

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Definitions:

Stress Factors

Elements or circumstances that cause psychological or physical strain or tension in individuals.

Workplace Violence

Acts or threats of physical violence, harassment, intimidation, or other threatening disruptive behavior that occur at the work site.

Warning Signs

Indications or signals that suggest the potential for a problem, danger, or impending crisis.

Stress

A physical or psychological response to internal or external pressures, challenges, or demands.