The Fact That Federal Sentencing Guidelines Punish Users of Crack

question 51

Multiple Choice

The fact that federal sentencing guidelines punish users of crack cocaine more harshly than possession of or trafficking in powder cocaine is used by Cole and Smith as an example of which of the following?

• A) that unequal status in society can shape criminal justice policy
• B) that crack cocaine is more harmful to society than powder cocaine
• C) that few people are arrested for using powder cocaine
• D) that the effects of powder cocaine are not as strong as crack cocaine
• E) that federal sentencing guidelines are very sophisticated and accurate in their application of each offense

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Definitions:

Residual Income

The amount of income that exceeds the minimum rate of return or hurdle rate, often used in performance measurement.

Operating Assets

Assets that are used for the core operations of a business, necessary for creating goods or services to be sold.

Residual Income

Operating income that remains after deducting all required costs of capital from net operating profits, often used in performance measurement.

ROI

ROI, or Return on Investment, measures the efficiency or profitability of an investment by dividing the net profit from the investment by the initial cost of the investment, typically expressed as a percentage.