Examlex
Normative theories explain prejudice and discrimination as products of:
Consumer Surplus
The difference in the total amount expected to be paid by consumers for a good or service and the actual payment made.
Willingness to Pay
Willingness to Pay is the maximum amount an individual or organization is ready to spend to procure a product or service, reflecting the value they attach to it.
Market Failure
A scenario in which the distribution of goods and services through a free market fails to be efficient, typically resulting in a decrease in overall social welfare.
Producer Surplus
The difference between what producers are willing to sell a good for and the actual price they receive, representing their gain.
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