Sometimes an Association Between Two Variables Is Due to __________

question 19

Short Answer

Sometimes an association between two variables is due to __________, even though the odds of it happening appear to be very small.

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Definitions:

Work Effort

The amount of physical or mental energy expended by an individual to accomplish tasks and achieve objectives at work.

High Level Performance

refers to achieving or exceeding specific goals or benchmarks at an advanced or superior level in a given context, such as business or athletics.

Expectancy

In the context of motivation, expectancy is the belief that one's effort will lead to attainment of desired performance goals.

Instrumentality

The perception that a specific behavior will lead to a particular outcome.