Are Humans Instinctively Violent? It Would Be MOST Accurate to Say

question 40

Multiple Choice

Are humans instinctively violent? It would be MOST accurate to say that ____.

• A)humans are naturally more or less nonviolent, and that society encourages violence
• B)humans are naturally somewhat violent, but that society can significantly change and shape aggressive patterns
• C)humans are naturally violent, and society can ultimately have only a limited impact on levels of aggression
• D)human aggression varies enormously across time and location-with some societies showing no violence at all and others showing large amounts of violence - and is therefore likely to be purely a product of culture

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Definitions:

Marcia

A reference to James Marcia's theory on identity status, addressing the processes of exploration and decision making that lead to various identity outcomes in adolescence.

Erikson

Erik Erikson, a German-American developmental psychologist and psychoanalyst known for his theory on the psychological development of human beings, including the concept of identity crisis.

Autonomy versus Shame and Doubt

A stage in Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development where toddlers learn to exercise will and do things independently, leading to a sense of autonomy, or they doubt their abilities, leading to feelings of shame and doubt.

Industry versus Inferiority

Erikson's fourth stage of psychosocial development, where children learn to master tasks and develop a sense of competency or inadequacy based on their successes or failures.