Which Scenario Is the Best Example of Self-Handicapping

question 40

Multiple Choice

Which scenario is the best example of self-handicapping?

• A)Musi is a cigarette smoker.He does not like to hear about the health risks of smoking.He therefore ignores such information, or dismisses it as invalid, and continues to smoke.
• B)Neither Zanele nor her friends ever study very much for school.Since Zanele does not know anyone who studies very hard, she assumes that in fact no one ever studies hard.As a consequence, she continues to have terrible study habits.
• C)Jacques has a big boxing match coming up, but he fears that he will lose.The week before the match, he claims that he is 'really busy with other studies,' and does not practise at all.Even though he may not realise he is doing this, he is setting himself up so that he will have an 'excuse' in case he loses the match.
• D)Sometimes, when Olivia has a long day, she yells at her children when she gets home.She usually feels very bad about this right after doing it.But then she realises that she can 'justify' her behaviour ('I am the parent here,' she thinks, 'and I have the right to discipline my children.') In other words, she is able to rationalise, or excuse, a not-so-good behaviour.

Discuss the functions of serotonin and the effects of its deficiency.

Identify and explain the functions of the subcortical structures of the forebrain.

Differentiate between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems and their functions.

Understand the concepts and distinctions among various states of consciousness, including sleep, coma, and altered states induced by practices or substances.

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Definitions:

George Kelly

An American psychologist known for his theory of personal constructs, which suggests people actively endeavor to understand the world.

Carl Rogers

Carl Rogers was an influential American psychologist who founded client-centered therapy and contributed significantly to humanistic psychology.

Abraham Maslow

An American psychologist best known for creating Maslow's hierarchy of needs, a theory of psychological health predicated on fulfilling innate human needs in priority, culminating in self-actualization.

Mihalyi Csikszentmihalyi

A psychologist best known for his theory of flow, a state of heightened focus and immersion in activities such as work, learning, and art.