Which Theorists Agree That Autonomic Arousal Precedes the Conscious Experience

question 213

Multiple Choice

Which theorists agree that autonomic arousal precedes the conscious experience of emotion?

• A) James, Lange, and Schachter
• B) Cannon, Bard, and Atkinson
• C) Tomkins, Izard, and Plutchik
• D) Maslow, McClelland, and Murray

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Definitions:

Reverberation

The persistence of a sound in a particular space after the original sound is produced, often used metaphorically to describe a lasting effect or influence.

Self-efficacy

The belief in one's own ability to succeed in specific situations or accomplish a task.

Self-references

An individual's practice of relating information or situations back to oneself, often a cognitive process related to memory and identity.

Self-discrepancies

The differences between an individual's perceived actual, ideal, and ought selves, which can influence emotional states.