When Stanley Was First Training His Dog, Smooches, to Heel

question 68

Multiple Choice

When Stanley was first training his dog, Smooches, to heel he would give Smooches a treat when she stayed close during walks. Now Smooches stays right by Stanley's side, even when she is not on her leash. In this case,

• A) the dog treats were negative reinforcers for staying close.
• B) the staying close was a positive reinforcer for receiving dog treats.
• C) the staying close was a negative reinforcer for receiving dog treats.
• D) the dog treats were positive reinforcers for staying close.

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Definitions:

Tax Revenue

The wealth accumulated by governments through the process of taxation.

Consumer Surplus

Consumer surplus is the difference between the total amount consumers are willing and able to pay for a good or service and the total amount they actually pay.

Tax Revenues

The income received by the government from taxes imposed on individuals and businesses, used to fund government activities and public services.

Deadweight Loss

A decrease in economic efficiency arising when a good or service fails to attain or cannot possibly attain equilibrium.