Melvin and Leigh Are Interviewing Students at Their Campus to Determine

question 159

Multiple Choice

Melvin and Leigh are interviewing students at their campus to determine if the students agree or disagree with a proposed policy change. Melvin believes the proposed policy change is a good idea, but Leigh believes the change will be bad for students. Nearly all the students who Melvin interviewed supported the policy change, but nearly all the students who Leigh interviewed disapproved of the change. The differences in the results illustrate the potential impact of ​

• A)the placebo effect.
• B)double-blind research studies. ​
• C)confounded dependent variables. ​
• D)experimenter bias. ​

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Definitions:

Professional Bureaucracy

A decentralized form of organization that emphasizes the expertise of the professionals in the operating core of the organization.

Machine Bureaucracy

A moderately decentralized form of organization that emphasizes support staff differentiated from the line operations of the organization, limited horizontal decentralization of decision making, and a well-defined hierarchy of authority.

Adhocracy

A selectively decentralized form of organization that emphasizes the support staff and mutual adjustment among people.

Adhocracy

An organizational structure that is flexible, non-hierarchical, and adaptable, often employed to spur innovation and adapt quickly to changes.