Examlex
According to Kennerth Arrow, which of the following properties would be present in a perfect voting scheme?
(i) unanimity: if everyone prefers A to B, then A should beat B
(ii) transitivity: if A beats B, and B beats C, then A should beat C
(iii) universality: everyone in society has the right to vote
Consumer Surplus
The discrepancy between the aggregate sum consumers are prepared and can afford to spend on a product or service and the actual total amount they end up paying.
Coase Theorem
A principle that if property rights are clearly defined and transaction costs are low, private bargains will ensure that the market always reaches an efficient outcome regardless of who holds the initial property rights.
Externalities
Economic side effects or consequences that affect uninvolved third parties; can be positive or negative.
Cap-And-Trade
An environmental policy mechanism that sets a cap on emissions and allows businesses to buy and sell permits for the right to emit.
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